The Lumen Curriculum
The Middle AgesAdventWeek 15 of 32

The Crusades & the Medieval World Stage

Essential Question

What were the Crusades really about, and how did East and West collide and trade?

This Advent week takes the student onto the wider medieval world stage: the Crusades and their tangled motives, the Spanish Reconquista, and the explosion of trade and towns that drew Europe and the East together. With the feasts of St. Nicholas and St. Lucy in the air, the saint and virtue threads turn to charity, the music thread to the medieval roots of the Christmas carol, and the writing thread to a balanced, evaluative essay on a hard historical question.

Liturgical note: ADVENT continues. The Feast of St. Nicholas falls on December 6 and St. Lucy ('Santa Lucia,' the bringer of light) on December 13 — both light-and-generosity feasts that deepen Advent hope. The week's saint (St. Nicholas) and virtue (Charity) flow directly from the season.

Threads at a Glance

What Each Thread Covers This Week

World History

The Crusades (Urban II's call, the major crusades, results); the Reconquista; the growth of trade and towns; the Italian maritime republics.

US History

Jefferson, the Louisiana Purchase, and judicial review

Historical Figure

St. Louis IX of France, the crusader-king and saint.

Geography

The Crusader states and medieval trade; draw the eastern Mediterranean, the Holy Land, and the trade routes east.

Art History

Castles and military architecture; the illuminated psalter; the Gothic rose window.

Music History

Pilgrim and crusader songs; the medieval roots of the Christmas carol.

Saint

St. Nicholas of Myra.

Virtue

Charity (love) — St. Nicholas's secret generosity.

Catechism

YOUCAT: Penance/Reconciliation and the Anointing of the Sick.

Grammar

Noun clauses; review of all clause types.

Writing

Persuasive/evaluative — a balanced essay: were the Crusades justified?

Weekly Writing Assignment

Were the Crusades Justified? A Balanced Evaluation

Write a short balanced essay (introduction, one paragraph presenting reasons the Crusades can be defended, one paragraph presenting serious criticisms, and a conclusion stating your own measured judgment). You must treat both sides fairly and charitably before you decide. Avoid both 'the Crusades were pure evil' and 'the Crusades were entirely glorious'; the historical truth is more complicated. Support each point with at least one specific fact from the week.

Skill: Evaluative argument — weighing evidence on both sides of a contested question before reaching a fair, supported judgment.Length: About 4 paragraphs, 300–400 words.
Show rubric ▾
  • States the contested question clearly in the introduction.
  • Presents at least two genuine reasons in defense of the Crusades, with specific facts.
  • Presents at least two genuine criticisms of the Crusades, with specific facts.
  • Treats both sides charitably and accurately, without caricature.
  • Reaches a measured, well-supported conclusion rather than a one-sided slogan.

The Week

Four Days of Learning